The shallow subsurface of present day urban areas
has been severely modified by anthropogenic landscaping since pre-historic times. These
changes of the geoenvironment can be reproduced by
man made ground which shows
a complex and heterogeneous distribution and structure.
For example,grave artificial landscaping in the Eastern Districts of Cologne can be traced back
into roman times. It is recordet by deposits filling a trench, which
surroundet the former roman fort (see Fig. 1).
Fig. 1: 3-D subsurface model of the roman moat
in the Eastern district of Cologne
Further
anthropogenic elements
recorded in subsurface structures,deposits and subsurface features
are:
terraces and
irrigation-canals for farming,
cuttings and
embankments from railway- and road-engineering,
dikes and
channels for flood defence,
landfills for
relief levelling,
as well as banks
and ditches from e.g. military constructions and fortifications,
quarries, pits
and dumps from mining-activity (see Fig. 2)
Fig. 2: Structural model of the surface
features and subsurface in the area of a former minig area.
Research-focus is to
provide a guideline on how to locate and characterize and model man made
ground, by using historic-geographical techniques and the latest
Surface Information Systems such
as Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and subsurface Geoscientific Information Systems
(GSIS) such as
GSI3D.
Fig. 3:
Technogenic landuse sequences constructed from topographic maps
Timelapse
Land-use sequences from historic maps and drawings, historical reports,
archaeological excavations as well as from aerial photographs are constructed
(Fig. 2).
The
structures and distribution of man-made ground deriving from the
cartographical work provide potential boundaries and outcrops of artificial
ground units. These data sets, in combination with borehole information, are
integrated into a subsurface modelling software (GSI3D
an the
respective subsurface viewer), where sediment units
can be addressed and distinguished by means of their 3-dimensional
relationship, regarding textural, lithological, morphological as well as
genetical features and properties.
These anthropogenic heritages have to be systematically addressed,
characterized, quantified and qualified in order to understand the complexity
of the urban subsurface in needs for a sustainable city-development for it
contributes to an improved decision-support in terms of city-planning an city
engineering.
Classon, F., Brunotte,
E., Sobisch, H.-G. & Neber, A. (2005): Zur dreidimensionalen
Modellierung von anthropogenen Ablagerungen in urbanen Räumen am
Beispiel des rechtsrheinischen Kölns.- Geotechnik 2, 2005.
Abstract:
Neber, A. Classon, F.
Hesemann, J. & Sobisch, H.-G.
(2004) An urban subsurface in
three dimensions. A Surveying and Modelling Concept for the eastern
part of Cologne.-
In: JAKOBS, F., RÖHLING,
H.-G. & UHLMANN, O. (Ed.): GeoLeipzig 2004 -
Geowissenschaften sichern Zukunft. Schriftenreihe der
Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 34, 382.
Classon, F., Boenigk,
W., Brunotte, E, Sobisch, H.-G., Neber, A. (2004): Modelling
Concept for artificial Ground.- Tagungsband Deuqua-Tagung 2004
Poster
NEBER, A., CLASSON, F., KEMNA, H.-A., KLOSE, S., PERK, M.,
SCHADE, S., WEBER, B. & SOBISCH, H.-G. (2004). GEOSUM (Integrated
working group for Geo-scienitific Surveying and Modelling in
3D): A step towards an integrated approach in three
dimentsional subsurface modelling. In: JAKOBS, F., RÖHLING,
H.-G. & UHLMANN, O. (Ed.): GeoLeipzig 2004 -
Geowissenschaften sichern Zukunft. Schriftenreihe der
Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 34, 382.
NEBER, A., CLASSON, F., HESEMANN, J. & SOBISCH, H.-G.
(2004). An urban subsurface in three dimensions, a surveying
and modelling concept for the eastern parts of Cologne. In:
JAKOBS, F., RÖHLING, H.-G. & UHLMANN, O. (Ed.): GeoLeipzig
2004 - Geowissenschaften sichern Zukunft. Schriftenreihe der
Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 34, 383.
Neber, A.,Aubel, J., Classon,
F., Hoefer, S., Kunz, A. & Sobisch, H.-G. (2006): From the
Devonian to the present: Landscape and technogenic relief evolution
in an urban environment.- IAEG 2006 (in press)
